14 Haziran 2012 Perşembe

Kişisel Öğrenme Ortamı Nedir?

Buchem ve arkadaşlarına göre Kişisel Öğrenme Ortamları konusundaki çalışmalar 21. Yüzyılın başında Oleg Liber, Dave Tosh, Scott Wilson, Graham Attwell ve Stephen Downes tarafından başlatıldı. Kişisel Öğrenme Ortamı terimi ilk kez 2001 yılında Olivier ve Liber’e ait bir makalede ((Olivier & Liber, 2001)) kullanıldı (Buchem, Attwell, & Torres, 2011).

Kişisel öğrenme ortamlarının ortaya çıkışının sanal öğrenme ortamlarına yönelik tartışmalarla başladığı, 2004’den sonra Web 2.0 dünyasında yaşanan gelişmelerle de olgunlaştığı görülmektedir.

Kişisel öğrenme ortamları için önerilen tanımların bir listesini oluşturmaya Ilona Buchem’in “Personal Learning Environments (PLEs) A Collection of Definitions” sunumundaki tanımlarla başlayacağız. (Buchem, 2010). 

Buchem bu tanımları internetteki kaynaklardan topladığı için bazılarına ait bağlantıların çalışmadığı görülmektedir. Buchem’in seçtiği yazarlar Kişisel Öğrenme Ortamlarını açıklamak amacıyla değişik kavramlara başvurmuşlardır:

Personal learning center
“ The e-learning application (…) begins to look very much like a blogging tool. It represents one node in a web of content, connected to other nodes and content creation services used by other students. It becomes, not an institutional or corporate application, but a personal learning center , where content is reused and remixed according to the student's own needs and interests. It becomes, indeed, not a single application, but a collection of interoperating applications — an environment rather than a system.” Stephen Downes,

Facility
“ A Personal Learning Environment is a facility for an individual to access, aggregate, configure and manipulate digital artifacts of their ongoing learning experiences.” Ron Lubensky,

Interface
“ The PLE is a unique interface into the owners digital environment. It integrates their personal and professional interests (including their formal and informal learning), connecting these via a series of syndicated and distributed feeds.” Terry Anderson,

System
“ Personal Learning Environments are systems that help learners take control of and manage their own learning. This includes providing support for learners to set their own learning goals, manage their learning; managing both content and process, communicate with others in the process of learning and thereby achieve learning goals. A PLE may be composed of one or more sub-systems: As such it may be a desktop application, or composed of one or more web-based services.” Mark van Harmelen,

Educational manifestation of the web
“ Where the LMS is vertically integrated and institutionally centralized, the PLE is the educational manifestation of the web ’s small pieces loosely joined.” Jonathan Mott,

Personal space/Social landscape
“ A PLE is not only a personal space , which belongs to and is controlled by the learner, but is also a social landscape that offers means to connect with other personal spaces in order to leverage knowledge within open and emergent knowledge ecologies. (…)The distributed PLEs can be loosely connected to build a knowledge ecology (which) is open, distributed, diverse, emergent, self-organized, and learner-controlled.” Mohamed Amine Chatti,

Ecosystem
“ An ecosystem of connected educational resources facilitated by a (large) set of tools and fueled by collaboration opportunities facilitating the consumption of content that enables an increased understanding of specific knowledge domains.” Lee Kraus,

Collection of tools/Conceptual notions
“ PLEs aren’t an entity, structural object or software program in the sense of a learning management system. Essentially, they are a collection of tools , brought together under the conceptual notion of openness, interoperability, and learner control. As such, they are comprised of two elements – the tools and the conceptual notions that drive how and why we select individual parts. PLEs are a concept-entity.” George Siemens,

Knowledge Network (digital & non-digital)
“ My personalized learning environment is a knowledge network that includes my browser favorites, my RSS feeds, my electronic documents and so on. But it's also non-digital and not easily captured in my browser. It includes my wife, friends and work colleagues, my tennis coach, my books, magazines and newspapers, the TV I watch, the films I see, the radio programmes that I listen to.” Clive Shepherd,

A new approach
“ Yet for all the talk there was no consensus on what a Personal Learning Environment (PLE) might be. The only thing most people seemed to agree on was that it was not a software application. Instead it was more of a new approach to using technologies for learning . Underpinning a number of the discussions was the issue of what role teachers and institutions would play if learners themselves developed and controlled their own online learning environment.” Graham Attwell,

A new pattern of users’ practices
“ We characterize this new pattern a Personal Learning Environment, although unlike the VLE this is primarily a pattern concerned with the practices of users in learning with diverse technologies , rather than a category of software. ” Scott Wilson et al.,


Sonraki blog sayfalarımda kişisel öğrenme ortamlarının tanımlarını tarihsel gelişimine göre inceleyeceğim.


Yararlanılan kaynaklar

Buchem, I. 2010. Definitions of Personal Learning Environment (PLE). Presentation for PLE Conference in Barcelona, July 8-9 2010. URL: http://www.slideshare.net/ibuchem/definitions-of-personal-learning-environment-ple- 4029277
Buchem, I., Attwell, G., & Torres, R. (2011). Understanding Personal Learning Environments: Literature review and synthesis through the Activity Theory lens. Proceedings of the The PLE Conference 2011.
Olivier, B., & Liber, O. (2001). Lifelong Learning: The Need for Portable Personal Learning Environments and Supporting Interoperability Standards. Retrieved from http://wiki.cetis.ac.uk/images/6/67/Olivierandliber2001.doc


1 yorum:

  1. çok güzel ve güncel konuları içeren bilgiler,keşke tamamını Türkçeye çevirseydiniz, öncelikle teşekkürler, ülkemizin bu konuda geri kaldığını ve sizin gibi bencil davranmayıp bilgilerini paylaşan insanların sayısının artmasını diliyorum
    saygılarımla

    YanıtlaSil

Kişisel öğrenme ortamları konusunda deneyimlerinizi ve çalışmalarınızı benimle paylaşabilirsiniz.